Petrochemical
industry plays a major role in our daily life. Almost everything that we are
dependent nowadays are made from petrochemicals be it plastics, clothes, home
appliances etc. Being a professional chemical engineer, one needs to keep
up-to-date with fast changing petrochemical industry especially when new
processes for new products, new chemicals are invented everyday.
Saturday, June 30, 2007
Petrochemical News 01.01.07
BASF Started up New Alkylethanolamines (AEOA) Plant in Geismar, Louisiana One Month Ahead of Schedule
The new plant will produce over 20 specialty amines, on top of the existing amine production facilities at the Louisiana. The Geismar plant will increase BASF’s worldwide production capacity for AEOA (alkylethanolamines) by 40 percent which is backward integrated with its existing ethylene oxide production at the site. BASF also operates AEOA plants at its Verbund site in Ludwigshafen, Germany.
KAY Chemical Expanding Chemical Plant
Kay Chemical, an Ecolab company, is expanding it's product development catalogue by investing multi million dollars for expansion of their manufacturing building on Capital Drive. Kay Chemical who runs Research & Development, Microbiology and Engineering laboratories for the evaluation and testing of new products is a leading supplier of cleaning and sanitizing products used in the fast-food and grocery markets is planning to hire additional 25 employees and new machinery and equipment over the next year.
Propane can be used as fuel in cooking on many barbecues, portable stoves, and in motor vehicles.
Domestic and industrial fuel - Propane is the fastest growing fuel source in the Third World, especially in China and India replacing the traditional woods and coals. Propane is usually shipped as LPG, a blend of propane and butane. The warmer the country, the higher the butane content, commonly 50/50 and sometimes reaching 75% butane.
Refrigeration - Propane is also instrumental in providing off-the-grid refrigeration, also called gas absorption refrigerators. Made popular by the Servel company, propane-powered refrigerators are highly efficient, do not require electricity, and have no moving parts. Refrigerators built in the 1930s are still in regular use, with little or no maintenance. However, certain Servel refrigerators are subject to a recall for CO poisoning.
Vehicle fuel - The advantage of propane is its liquid state at room temperature and moderate pressure. This allows fast refill times, affordable fuel tank construction, and ranges comparable to (though still less than) gasoline. Meanwhile it is noticeably cleaner (both in handling, and in combustion), results in less engine wear (due to carbon deposits) without diluting engine oil (often extending oil-change intervals), and until recently was a relative bargain in North America.
Propane is one of the feedstock for petrochemical industry, found mainly from the petroleum products either during refining or gas processing. Propane is not produced for its own sake, but as a byproduct of two other processes: natural gas processing and petroleum refining. The processing of natural gas involves removal of butane, propane, and large amounts of ethane from the raw gas, to prevent condensation of these volatiles in natural gas pipelines.
Additionally, oil refineries produce some propane as a by-product of production of cracking petroleum into gasoline or heating oil. The supply of propane cannot be easily adjusted to account for increased demand because of the by-product nature of propane production. About 85% of U.S. propane is domestically produced. The United States imports about 10-15% of the propane consumed each year. Propane is imported into the United States via pipeline and rail from Canada, and by tankers from Algeria, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Norway and the United Kingdom. After it is produced, North American propane is stored in huge salt caverns located in Fort Saskatchewan, Alberta, Canada, Mont Belvieu, Texas, and Conway, Kansas. These salt caverns were hollowed out in the 1940s and can store up to 80 million barrels of propane, if not more. When the propane is needed, most of it is shipped by pipelines to other areas of the Midwest, the North, and the South, for use by customers. Propane is also shipped by barge and rail car to selected U.S. areas.
Petrochemical industry relies heavily on gas as the feedstock. Propane together with butane are blended to produce LPG for the petrochemical industry. Some petrochemical crackers use LPG as the feedstock for further cracking into ethylene, propylene and C4 streams or known as butylenes.
Synonyms: liquefied propane, propane gas Molecular formula: C3H8 CAS No: 74-98-6 EC No: 200-827-9
PHYSICAL DATA
Appearance: colourless odourless gas (for precautions, small amount of unpleasant-smelling gas such as a thiol may be added to provide warning in the event of a leak.) Melting point: -188 C Boiling point: -44.5 C Critical temperature: 96.67 C Critical pressure: 41.94 atm Vapour density: 1.55 Vapour pressure: Specific gravity: Flash point: -104 C (open cup) Explosion limits: 2.4% - 9.5 % Autoignition temperature: 468 C
STABILITY
Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Highly flammable. May form explosive mixtures with air.
Hanwha's talks with Saudi Aarbia for US$6.5 bln plant delayed
Hanwha Chemical Corp., in the process of negotiating a US$6.5 bln petrochemical project in Saudi Arabia, is facing some delays. The petrochemical plant, which will produce ethylene and propylene by cracking naphtha produced with Saudi crude. Hanwha will buy raw materials at local prices in Saudi, boosting sales. Hanwha's, Kim Seung-youn - chairman and owner is on trial for assault and kidnapping. The final deal on total amount of investment and stake sharing, due for finalization by the end of this month or early next month, along with commencement of construction, has been delayed due to the current situation.
Chem plant's license fate in balance next month
A public hearing on July 17 to consider whether the license of ink manufacturer CAI Inc. and paint maker Arnel Co. should be revoked because of "failure to follow safety procedures and/or because of the inherent inordinate risk involved with such activities at that location."
Union Carbide plant recognized for safety performance
The U.S. Department of Labor's Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) on June 22 welcomed Union Carbide Corporation’s Seadrift Operations into the prestigious Voluntary Protection Programs (VPP) at the highest, or "Star," level during a ceremony held at the company facility in Seadrift, Texas.
Plant Shut After Polluting China River
An industrial plant in eastern China has been shut after saying it accidentally discharged a toxic chemical into a river that sickened 61 villagers, state media reported Friday.
BASF (Ludwigshafen) may open up an MDI plant at the Chonqing (Changshou) Chemical Industrial Park at Chongqing in western China. BASF signed memorondum of cooperation on 12 June 2007 with Chongqing Chemical and Pharmaceutical Holding (Chongquing / China) and local authorities. Expected capacity is 400,000 t/y of crude MDI. Construction beginning 2010. Chongqing Chemical may have an as yet unspecified role in the project.
ExxonMobil Chemical plans to build Florida manufacturing plant
ExxonMobil Chemical plans to build a new facility at Pensacola, Fla., to manufacture specialty elastomers and nylon as early as 2008. Exxon's proprietary Exxpro will be produced, an elastomer designed to improve the quality of automobile tire inner liners improving tire performance and durability by reducing air permeability. ExxonMobil Chemical expects to commercialize the technology in late 2007.
Mitsubishi, Kirin Brewery to build ethanol plant
Mitsubishi Corp, Japan's biggest trading firm, and Kirin Brewery Co Ltd, the No. 2 brewer, will join in a government backed “green” fuel project by building an ethanol plant on the northern island of Hokkaido. Market is for domestic. A consortium formed by the two companies and unlisted Osaka-based Japan Chemical Engineering & Machinery Co Ltd won a plant order for the project of some six billion yen (US$48.5mil). Construction starts in October and expected to produce 15,000 kilolitres of ethanol per year. Feedstocks would be excess sugar beet and low-quality wheat.
Hanwha Chemical Corp to construct USD 6.5 billion plant in Saudi Arabia
Hanwha Chemical Group of South Korea was reported to have had initiated talks with Saudi Arabia for the construction of a 6 trillion to 7 trillion won (USD 6.47 billion) petrochemical plant in Saudi Arabia.
HaiKe Chemical says China petrochem plant on course for December start-up
China's HaiKe Chemical Group Ltd reported construction of the heavy oil catalytic cracking facility is progressing as planned and operations to dtart in December. It spent 14 mil USD to build the facility using the 17 mil USD it raised from a share listing on the Alternative Investment Market in February. 3 mil USD was used for the expansion of the group's isopropyl alcohol production facilities.
Trioxane + 3 Ethylene Glycol à 3 Dioxolane + 3 Water
Polymerization of Trioxane + Dioxolane à 6 POM Copolymer
To produce 1 ton (1000kg) of POM, using the above equation; raw materials needed are as shown in Table 1:
Table 1: Raw materials for production of POM
Raw materials
Amount (kg)
Formaldehyde
2000
Ethylene Glycol
1000
Additional raw materials needed are boron trifluoride etherate and water.
Calculation
?The total equation for POM is as follows:
12 Formaldehyde + 3 Ethylene Glycol à 6 POM Copolymer
?And the chemical formulas for each are:
12 H2CO + 3 C2H6O2à 6 [OCH2]
2 H2CO + 0.5 C2H6O2à 1 [OCH2]
?The equation is already balanced and for each 1 mol of POM,
Ø2 mols of Formaldehyde is needed
Ø0.5 mols of Ethylene Glycol is needed
?Using the periodic table, the mass for each chemical can be obtained through back-calculation using their respective molecular weight. This is governed by the equation, mol = mass/molecular weight
The molecular mass for each is as follows:
?H2CO = (2 + 12 + 16)* 2 = 60
?C2H6O2 = (24 + 6 + 32) * 0.5 = 31
?OCH2 = (16 + 12 + 2)* 1 = 30
Using this calculation, the production for 1 ton of POM can be obtained by dividing each chemical by 30 and times each by 1000 kg
China domestic POM (Polyoxymethylene) market has been recovered rapidly as domestic and foreign market state have shown recovery trend in 2002, and it has maintained the recovery trend in 2003 as well. China’s current production capacity is far from satisfying the POM domestic demand, which increases the import demand. Demand in 2002 turned to increase trend, especially, order from China increased by 26% compared with the last year. In 2002, domestic POM export increase was analyzed because global economy including US economy has shown rapid recovery and China's end users have increased production constantly.
In 2002, POM producers operated fully their production facilities, and they have made production goals of 2003 as 8% up compared with the last year. It is expected that the total market demand for engineering plastics in China alone will reach 180,000 tons of POM in 2005.
DuPont, Ticona, and BASF make up 90% of the French POM market. Demand increased by 8% in the United States, with a growth rate of 5% in Europe. In Asia, POM is mainly used in the electronics sector (CDs, videocassettes). In contrast, in Europe, it is largely used in the automobile industry and the electrical appliance sector.
Korea Engineering Plastics (KEP) Overview
Founded in 1987, Korea Engineering Plastics Co., Ltd (KEP) is one of the world's leading manufacturers of Polyacetal Copolymer resin, and provides customer services around the world. KEPITAL copolymer resins can be found in engineered structural components of cutting-edge products, such as, automotive, electrical, electronics and industrial machinery. KEP develops solutions for society based on KEP's inherent strength in science and technology.
KEP was founded in March 1987 as a joint venture of Tongyang Nylon Co., Ltd. (Hyosung Corp. since 1998) in Korea, Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company Inc. and Mitsubishi Corporation.
Kepital KEP was the first Company producing Polyacetal resin in Korea. The first commercial production began in 1988 under the brand name "KEPITAL". Ever since, KEP has been one of the engines for the growth of the Korean engineering plastic industry.
KEPEL maintains 65% of Korea’s domestic market share. KEP POM production capability is at over 65,000 MT/yr, which can cover about 10% of worldwide copolymer demand since its third expansion of manufacturing facilities. KEP is now recognized worldwide for its product quality as evidenced by a number of certifications.
KEPITAL has its own distinctive features such as:
Øexcellent thermal stability at molding
Øexhibits better flow enabling high speed production
Øensures low deposit on the mold surface during processing.
BASF Overview
In its five business segments, BASF posted sales of €42.7 billion in 2005. BASF strategic goal is to continue to grow profitably. Around 81,000 employees on five continents are the key to its success.
A line of acetal polyoxymethylene (POM) copolymer products under the tradename Ultraform® are available from BASF. The Ultraform acetal product range comprises versatile engineering plastics having varied properties designed for use in exacting components capable of withstanding high stresses. The Ultraform acetal grades fulfill the demands imposed on an engineering material in especially high measure. They combine high rigidity with mechanical strength and afford good elastic properties, high toughness, dimensional stability and excellent sliding friction properties.
BASF's Ultraform® offers a number of mechanical and chemical properties which are indispensable for these plastic bearing assemblies.
ØUltraform has high strength and creep resistance.
ØHigh abrasion and fatigue resistance together with the low friction are of major importance for the maintenance-free performance of the machine.
ØDimensional stability not only in production but during full product life and resistance to moisture, chemicals and
ØThe ball bearings made of Ultraform need no lubricant and withstand operating temperatures between - 40° and + 80° C. They can operate at rotation speeds of more than 5000 rpm. Other typical applications are in copiers, printers, pool cleaners, rotating beacons and domestic appliances.
ØChemical resistance of Ultraform® acetal, particularly with respect to conventional grades of gasoline (even those containing methanol and ethanol) as well as to diesel fuels
DuPont Overview
Founded in 1802, DuPont puts science to work by creating sustainable solutions essential to a better, safer, healthier life for people everywhere. Operating in more than 70 countries, DuPont offers a wide range of innovative products and services for markets including agriculture, nutrition, electronics, communications, safety and protection, home and construction, transportation and apparel.
After four years of development DuPont patented Delrin® in 1956 and began construction of a 20-million pound annual-capacity production plant at Parkersburg, West Virginia, completed in 1960. As manufacture commenced, total research and development costs for the project topped $50 million dollars. DuPont fully expected to recover these costs by marketing Delrin® as a general substitute for nonferrous metals, but a patent dispute and stiff competition held profitability down. As a result, DuPont focused subsequent research efforts on more sophisticated and specialized engineering polymers.
Delrin® acetal resin emerged from DuPont's efforts to capitalize on the success of nylon and the growing post World War II market for plastics and other synthetic materials. Efforts to develop a tough and heat resistant metal substitute began in the early 1950s, and by 1952 chemists in the Polychemicals Department had synthesized an inflexible polymer from formaldehyde that assistant research director Frank C. McGrew called "synthetic stone" and DuPont named Delrin®.
Despite its troubled beginnings, Delrin® thrived in the long run and has been steadily improved over the years. Today, Delrin® is a mainstay of DuPont's engineering polymers line and is widely acclaimed as a lightweight but durable low wear, low friction plastic for electronic office equipment, advanced conveyor technology, and automotive applications.
Ticona Overview
Ticona is a business of Celanese and was established in 1961 as a joint venture by the Celanese Corporation of America and Hoechst AG. It is a leading supplier of engineering plastics, and a worldmarket leader for Hostaform®/Celcon® POM, GUR® PE-UHMW and Vectra® LCP. In 2005 its sales reached $887 million with main target markets in Europe, Americas and Asia/Pacific.
Ticona uses advanced polymer technology to produce high performance plastic materials that are used in a wide spectrum of applications - from children's toys to industrial gears, from tiny optical components to large automotive body parts. Ticona’s target industries include technological sectors such as automotive, electrical/electronics, communications technology, medical technology, industrial applications, machine and machine and plant construction and appliances.
Ticona's materials are world leaders in acetal polymers, liquid crystal polymers, long fiber reinforced thermoplastics, and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. We also hold strong positions across our broad portfolio of other thermoplastics. Ticona's products serve designers and engineers in a number of key markets - automotive, appliance components, information technology, consumer & recreational products, industrial, medical & health, and others.
Ticona has about 1,800 employees in polymer production, compounding plants, and laboratory and design centers throughout the world. Ticona polymers are manufactured and sold in Europe and the Americas directly by Ticona and distributors and in Asia by Ticona, its agents and Polyplastics Co., Ltd.
Celcon / Hostaform POM is the world market leader of polyoxymethylene copolymers. It is characterized by excellent toughness and dimensional stability, outstanding spring and slip properties and good heat deflection temperature ratings and chemical resistance. The POM range includes grades for all processing methods and many different applications in various industries.
Affiliates: Fortron Industries, Wilmington, North Carolina/US
Polyplastics Co. Ltd, Kuantan, Malaysia
Polyplastics Co. Ltd., Fuji City, Japan
Polyplastics Co. Ltd; Kaohsiung, Taiwan
PTM Engineering Plastics, Nantong, China
LIST of Global POM Producers
Table below shows the list of companies that produce POM worldwide:
33-8 Shiba 5-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-0014, Japan
Incorporation
October 1, 1994 (Establishment: June 1, 1950)
Paid-in capital
14,508.6 billion yen
Line of business (Consolidated)
Petrochemicals, Performance and functional products, Health care, and Others
Branch offices
Osaka, Nagoya, Fukuoka, and Sapporo
R&TD centers
Yokohama and Tsukuba
Major subsidiaries and offices
USA: NY and VA Europe: Germany Asia Pacific: PRC, Singapore, and Thailand
Employees
Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Group: 32,995 (Consolidated) Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation: 4,905 (Non-Consolidated)
Mitsubishi Chemical Holdings Group companies
Domestic: 258/Overseas: 113
As a means of reducing costs for olefin, BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene) and other chemicals at the Olefin Centers at the Kashima and Mizushima Plants, a project--a petrochemical complex 'renaissance' plan is under development, which is also a government research initiative--by working to strengthen alliances with petroleum refining companies. Mitsubishi is also promoting a number of other initiatives involving alliances with natural resource producing countries, including entering the petroleum business in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, in order to further bolster competitiveness, consolidation of businesses with domestic chemical companies are in progress; in the areas of resin additives (plasticizers) and commodity polymers (polyolefin, vinyl chloride, polystyrene, ABS, etc.), where streamlining has become a necessity.
An advantage of the Mitsubishi Chemical Group is its comprehensive strength, which is derived from its product chains that cover from raw materials to second and third derivatives and processed products. For such products as glacial acrylic acid, 1,4-butanediol, oxo products, phenol, acrylamide and purified terephthalic acid, Mitsubishi has constructed robust product chains covering from monomers to polymer manufacturing, compounding and processed resin products, and are further diversifying and adding even greater functionality at each process stage.
The petrochemicals businesses of the Mitsubishi Chemical Group are broadly divided into basic chemicals and a large number of second and third derivative products. In the area of basic chemicals, Mitsubishi is developing an array of product chains covering a variety of solvents and resin products. These activities are led by our Olefin Centers.
Purified terephthalic acid (PTA) is the main raw material for polyester fiber, PET resins, PET films and other products. Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. consolidated the PTA sales business with the establishment of Dia Terephthalic Acid Corporation. Mitsubishi is also leveraging proprietary production technologies domestically at the Matsuyama Plant and overseas at production bases in South Korea, Indonesia and India. Further, with the promotion of the Daxie Island project in China, which is targeting production in September 2006, Mitsubishi is continuing to develop globally in order to meet worldwide demand.
The Group is developing a wide range of C4 chemicals including 1,4-butanediol (1,4-BG), tetrahydrofuran (THF), and maleic anhydride. The 1,4-BG/THF co-production process in particular has been well received by customers and its technology is being exported overseas. The Group's derivative products span a wide range and include polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMG), -butyrolactone (GBL), and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP).
PET resins are used in a wide variety of food container and packaging film applications, including in PET bottles, which have become a staple product of daily life. Continued growth in the global market is expected. Mitsubishi has the expertise in the product chain from PTA manufacturing to application-specific PET resin production and film molding, and establishing market competitiveness.
Mitsubishi manufactures glacial acrylic acid and acrylic acid ester with proprietary manufacturing technologies and catalysts. Super absorbent polymers used in disposable diapers and other products are the main application for glacial acrylic acid, while acrylic acid ester is used as a raw material in products such as paint and adhesive materials. As these products have an affinity with water, they have drawn attention as environmentally friendly materials. In addition, Sasol Dia Acrylates (Pty) Ltd., a joint venture with South Africa's Sasol Chemical Industries Ltd, commenced commercial production and sales in April 2004 of acrylic acid and its derivatives.
Mitsubishi engineering plastics are superior in transparency, heat-resistance, impact-resistance and other characteristics. Mitsubishi produces polycarbonates--for which applications are expanding in a wide range of fields including automobiles, electricity and electronics--and a variety of other engineering plastics such as nylon resins and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
Based on its polymerization, modification and compounding technologies, the Group is developing and manufacturing thermoplastic elastomers, crosslinked polymers, adhesive polymers and conductive polymers with functions that include flexibility, endurance, heat resistance and adhesiveness. Mitsubishi has a product lineup that meets a broad range of diverse needs in fields that include automobiles, food products, electric machinery and medicine.
Separation from the Bayer Group was accomplished on 28 January 2005
Financial (in Euro mil)
Net Sales = 7150
Operating result (loss) (EBIT) = 28
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, & amortisation (EBITDA) = 341
Earnings (loss) per share (Euro) = 0.75
Divesture of its textiles processing chemicals business
In November 2006, Egeria agreed to buy Lanxess' textiles processing chemicals business for Euro54m ($69m). The divestiture is expected to be completed by year-end 2006.
Saltigo
Saltigo was created out of Lanxess's fine chemicals business unit, which achieved sales of $500m in 2005 and has around 1,400 employees. As a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lanxess, Saltigo provides services to the pharmaceutical, agrochemical and specialty chemicals industries.
Portfolio
Performance Rubber (in 2005 it had sales of Euro1.6m and around 3,000 employees)
Butyl Rubber: Butyl is the only rubber to be impermeable to air. The product family comprises three main types: butyl; bromobutyl; and chlorobutyl.
Polybutadiene Rubber: Polybutadiene rubber and solution styrene-butadiene rubber.
Technical Rubber Products: Polychloroprene solid rubber and latices (CR); ethylene-propylene rubber (EP D M); nitrile rubber (NBR); hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR); ethylene-vinylacetate rubber (EVM); and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR).
PBR plants in:
Dormagen (Germany), Port Jérôme (France), Orange 250 ktpa (Texas)
Chemical Intermediates (in 2005 it had sales of Euro1.5m and around 3,300 employees)
Basic Chemicals: Supplier of industrial chemicals with a strong position in aromatic compounds.
Fine Chemicals: Development and production of fine chemicals, agrochemical intermediates, pharmaceutical intermediates, and corresponding supply of services.
Inorganic Pigments: Colouring of building materials such as roofing tiles and pavers, surface coatings, plastics and paper, plus special applications in the fields of toner pigments, arsenic adsorbers and catalysts.
Engineering Plastics (in 2005 it had sales of Euro1.7m and around 3,400 employees)
Lanxess claims to be a major supplier of polymers through its engineering plastics segment.
Dorlastan Fibres & Monofil: Synthetic elastic fibres for fashion wear, occupational clothing, sportswear bandages and diapers. Polyamide and copolyamide wires for industrial fabrics for the paper industry, fishing, ships' ropes and hawsers, and agriculture. As of November 2005, Lanxess has finalised a deal to sell its Dorlastan fibres business to Japan's Asahi Kasei Fibres for an undisclosed amount.
Semi-Crystalline Products: Plastics are suitable for applications in the automotive and electrical/electronics industries (Durethan, polyamide 6 and 6.6, Pocan polybutylene terephthalate; glass fibres for the reinforcement of thermoplastics, thermosets and polyurethanes, caprolactam and adipic acid).
Styrenic Resins: Range of products include: ABS, SAN and PA-ABS plastics.
As from 1 March 2006, Lanxess finalised a deal to sell its Dorlastan fibres business to Japan's Asahi Kasei Fibres for an undisclosed amount. The deal was previously announced in November 2005.
Performance Chemicals (in 2005 it had sales of Euro1.9m and around 4,700 employees)
Functional Chemicals: Plastics additives (plasticisers, blowing agents, bonding agents, modifiers and emulsifiers); phosphorus and speciality chemicals (flame retardants, water chemicals, synthesis chemicals, reducing agents, complexing and dispersing agents).
Ion Exchange Resins: Lewatit ion exchange resins for water treatment, the food industry, catalysis and chemical processes, and the pharmaceutical industry.
Leather: Supplier of leather chemicals and system solutions with a broad product portfolio for all stages of leather manufacture including inorganic and synthetic tanning materials, preservatives and fat-liquoring agents, dyes, and tanning and finishing agents.
Material Protection Products: Range of biocides and speciality active ingredients for wood preservatives/antifouling products, disinfectants/personal care products, beverage preservatives and industrial preservatives (paints, mineral slurries, dry film and in-can preservation, corrosion inhibitors, etc.).
Paper: Range of fluorescent brightening agents, colourants, retention aids, and wet/dry strength agents, as further process and functional chemicals and other specialty products.
Rhein Chemie: Additives for the rubber, lubricants, polyurethanes and plastics industries.
Rubber Chemicals: Supplier of rubber chemicals for the tyre industry and for the manufacture of technical rubber products (Vulkanox antioxidants, Vulkacit accelerators and specialty chemicals).
Textile Processing Chemicals: For pre-treatment, dyeing auxiliaries, finishing and textile printing.
On 3 April 2006, Kemira confirmed that it had completed the acquisition of Lanxess's paper chemicals business. The responsible antitrust authorities agreed to the transaction on 1 March 2006 and Kemira took over the business on 1 April 2006. The deal was previously announced on 20 December 2005.
To produce 1 tonne (1000kg) of Formaldehyde, using the above equation; raw materials needed are as shown in Table 1:
Table 1: Raw materials for production of Formaldehdye
Raw materials
Amount (kg)
Methanol
1067
Oxygen
533
Calculation
?The total equation for Formaldehyde is as follows:
1 mol Methanol + 0.5 mol Oxygen à 1 mol Formaldehyde + 1 mol Water
?And the chemical formulas for each are:
CH3OH + 0.5 O2à H2CO + H2O
?For each 1 mol of Formaldehyde,
Ø1 mol of Methanol is needed
Ø0.5 mols of Oxygen is needed
?Using the periodic table, the mass for each chemical can be obtained through back-calculation using their respective molecular weight. This is governed by the equation, mol = mass/molecular weight
The molecular mass for each is as follows:
?CH3OH = (12 + 3 + 16 + 1)* 1 = 32
?O2 = (32) * 0.5 = 16
?H2CO = (16 + 12 + 2)* 1 = 30
?H2O = (2 + 16)* 1 = 18
Using this calculation, the production for 1 tonne of Formaldehyde can be obtained by dividing each chemical by 30 and times each by 1000 kg
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As a means of reducing costs for olefin, BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene) and other chemicals at the Olefin Centers at the Kashima and Mizushima Plants, a project--a petrochemical complex 'renaissance' plan is under development, which is also a government research initiative--by working to strengthen alliances with petroleum refining companies. Mitsubishi is also promoting a number of other initiatives involving alliances with natural resource producing countries, including entering the petroleum business in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, in order to further bolster competitiveness, consolidation of businesses with domestic chemical companies are in progress; in the areas of resin additives (plasticizers) and commodity polymers (polyolefin, vinyl chloride, polystyrene, ABS, etc.), where streamlining has become a necessity. 
-butyrolactone (GBL), and n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP).